• br In our experience br History of

  2025-01-07

  

  In our experience History of ER and ACh tests As shown in Table 1, Stein et al. first reported the usefulness of intravenous injection of ER in diagnosing coronary insufficiency in 1949 [16]. In 1972, the first ER spasm provocation test was employed at the Cleveland Clinic during cardiac cathe

• br Disclaimer br Conflicts of interest br Role of the

  2025-01-07

  

  Disclaimer Conflicts of interest Role of the Sponsor Acknowledgements Funding/support: This project was supported by a grant from the Department of Surgery (R5129), Western University and by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) Western site. ICES is funded by an annual g

• DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein aggregates tha

  2025-01-06

  

  DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein Busulfan that result from dysregulation of proteostasis, during which the proteolytic machinery is unable to process and degrade defective proteins (Tyedmers et al., 2010). Aggregation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins has been observed in different cell t

• Apelin APJ triggers a variety

  2025-01-06

  

  Apelin/APJ triggers a variety of cellular signaling pathways (Fig. 1). Recent studies from our laboratory showed that apelin-13 induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by the upregulation of Cyclin D1 expression, which is involved in an ERK-dependent activation of Jagged-1/Notch3 si

• Although the earlier studies focused on

  2025-01-06

  

  Although the earlier studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of tocopherols, ascorbic Tubastatin A HCl and carotenoids, then it was noticed that phenolic compounds were more powerful than others (Rice-Evans, Miller, & Paganga, 1996). Phenolic compounds, the most numerous and ubiquitous groups o

• Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new

  2025-01-06

  

  Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature [1]. Physiological angiogenesis is necessary for key processes such as wound healing, tissue regeneration and repair. In pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other pat

• br Introduction Breast cancer is the second

  2025-01-06

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the second most lethal cancer among women, accounting for approximately 40,000 deaths in the United States in 2015 [1]. The prognosis of breast cancer has improved significantly with the identification of immunohistochemical subtypes that predict response to therapy

• br Introduction AMP activated protein kinase AMPK has been f

  2025-01-06

  

  Introduction AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been found to be a key character against cardiovascular diseases and cellular stress. When activated by certain stress, AMPK regulates sugars and fatty acids that are good or detrimental to the heart. For example, targeting AMPK phosphorylation

• Linezolid It was also shown that of crizotinib resistance me

  2025-01-06

  

  It was also shown that 15% of crizotinib resistance mechanisms can be due to an amplification of ALK gene while 30% are caused by a variety of secondary mutations (S1206Y, G1202R, L1196M, C1156Y, G1269A, L1152R, F1174L and 1151Tins) in ALK tyrosine kinase. These mutations can modify the conformation

• For the TSH receptor signaling at the Golgi trans Golgi

  2025-01-04

  

  For the TSH receptor, signaling at the Golgi/trans-Golgi network appears required for both rapid effects of TSH − such as alltrans depolymerization, which is implicated in thyroglobulin reuptake and, thus, thyroid hormone release − and late ones, such as those on gene transcription. Continued signa

• br Aromatase the key enzyme for

  2025-01-04

  

  Aromatase: the key enzyme for estrogen formation in adipose tissue Estrogens are synthesized from androgens by aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis (Santen et al, 2009, Simpson et al, 1994). At the cellular level, aroma

• NO is an important mediator

  2025-01-04

  

  NO is an important mediator for maintaining bone integrity since it plays a role in the bone remodeling process. It was shown that mechanical strain and shear stress induce NO synthesis in osteoblasts and osteocytes (van't Hof & Stuart, 2001). It was reported that mechanical loading influences its a

• Thalidomide is now a well known antiangiogenic agent

  2025-01-04

  

  Thalidomide is now a well known antiangiogenic agent. This property of thalidomide is being extensively researched upon, for its significant utility in the treatment of various malignant tumors. Studies show that thalidomide efficaciously inhibits various pro-angiogenic factors such as tumor necrosi

• Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its linear structu

  2025-01-04

  

  Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its linear structure, KT43C displays antifungal and antibacterial activity. Disulfide bonds are determinants of defensins' integrity and have been reported to increase the antimicrobial activity (Jenssen et al., 2006). However, some linear derivatives of AMP

• Clofibric Acid br Conflicts of interest br Funding br Introd

  2025-01-03

  

  Conflicts of interest Funding Introduction Brassicaceae is an economically important family of plants containing rapeseed, cabbage, broccoli, brussels, radish and mustard. Among them rapeseed plays a crucial role, because of its application in food and also in fuel industry. According to th

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